0XX means NO FILTER and possibly exposure variation from 12 to 28 could not be recognised by your densitometer because you still get 4.5D max
And 000 does not mean you turn the laser OFF!!!
Try 2XX - that means 50% neutral density filter used .
If you'll get the same 4.5D - use 3XX.
If you still have 4.5D, that means you have a mechanical issue with ND filter changer and VR36 uses "open frame" all time.
Here it is from ECRM RIP manual:
Newer recorder models use an exposure setting scheme with a
linearly increasing exposure range of 000 to 255 with all values
having meaning. 000 is the lightest exposure setting and 255 is
the darkest.
Older recorder models use a different exposure setting scheme.
The first digit may be set to 0, 1, 2, or 3 and represents an
increasing neutral density filter setting. The higher the number,
the darker the apparent filter, and the lower the exposure value
as measured on the film. The last two digits may be set to any
value from 00 to 31 and represent increasing exposure settings
to the laser. The higher the number, the higher the exposure setting.
In this scheme, 031 is the darkest setting and 300 is the
lightest.