Actually, there is a preference, at least for Microsoft Word on Windows, to allow for embedding of fonts within a Word document itself. There are a few restrictions here:
(1) Only TrueType fonts are embeddable. OpenType CFF fonts (i.e., fonts with names such as fontname.otf are not embeddable nor are Type 1 fonts).
(2) For TrueType fonts, the embedding privileges must be installable as opposed to editable embedding or the most common embedding privilege, preview and print.
The results of (1) and (2) are that in reality very few commercial fonts will actually embed in Word (or other Office) documents.
To the original question, Word is terrible in terms of preserving layout from system to system even on the same platform (i.e., Windows versus MacOS) much less cross-platform. This has to do with how Word and other Office applications do layout, most often based on the font metrics at device resolution of the current default printer at the time printing is done or PDF created. This problem has been a pain the tuchas for well over 20 years! As a print service provider, generally speaking, the best results you can get is if the user creates PDF on their own system via the Acrobat PDFMaker plug-in to Word (and other Office applications) using the Create Adobe PDF function (with the High Quality Print joboptions) as opposed to Microsoft's save as PDF.
- Dov