The X-Rite 361-T is an oldie but goodie, transmission densitometer.
It can read density, dot area, both negative and positive.
Zero on clear area film area (base & fog).
A transmission density of 0.30 will convert into a 50% dot.
The dot is more important than the maximum density (Dmax).
Typical offset litho negative plate exposure with Stouffer step scale T2115 (21 steps, each 0.15 density) recommends a solid#6, gray #7, clear #8. So, a Dmax >1.2 is sufficient (in theory), which is why inkjet or laser toner films can be used (in practice) instead of photographic films for platemaking.
Steve Suffoletto